Animal systems: exchange, transport and coordination
≈ 48 minAnimal systems: exchange, transport and coordination
Multicellular animals need specialised systems because diffusion alone is too slow over large distances. Exchange surfaces obtain oxygen and nutrients; circulatory systems move materials; excretory systems regulate waste and water; nervous and hormonal systems coordinate responses. These systems work together. A sprinting learner needs increased oxygen uptake, faster transport to muscles, carbon dioxide removal and coordinated muscle action.
Work it through
During exercise, breathing rate rises, the heart pumps more blood and muscle cells respire faster. If oxygen delivery cannot meet demand, anaerobic pathways contribute briefly and lactic acid accumulates.
Mastery target
Follow one material, such as oxygen or glucose, through more than one system during a changed demand.
Why do large animals need a circulatory system?
Name the key biological term from Animal systems: exchange, transport and coordination: enter the term that best fits the explanation and visual model.
Which sequence best describes oxygen during a run?
Which statement corrects a common misunderstanding in Animal systems: exchange, transport and coordination?